Table 4 Comparison of qualitative and quantitative Gd-DTPA enhancement MR imaging features according to MVI
From: MRI features predict microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
| MVI-positive (n = 34) | MVI-negative (n = 74) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dynamic enhancement pattern | 0.870 | ||
| Progressive | 27 (79.41) | 56 (75.68) | |
| Wash in-wash out | 4 (11.76) | 9 (12.16) | |
| Other | 3 (8.82) | 9 (12.16) | |
| Arterial phase enhancement pattern | 0.008 | ||
| Edged enhancement (ring high signal) | 28 (82.35) | 62 (83.78) | |
| Overall enhancement (high signal) | 1 (2.94) | 11 (14.86) | |
| Partial enhancement (mixed signal) | 2 (5.88) | 0 (0) | |
| No/mild enhancement (low signal) | 3 (8.82) | 1 (1.35) | |
| Dot−/band-like enhancement inside the tumor | 26 (76.47) | 44 (59.46) | 0.086 |
| Absent | 8 (23.53) | 30 (40.54) | |
| Visible vessel penetration | 25 (73.53) | 42 (56.76) | 0.095 |
| Absent | 9 (26.47) | 32 (43.24) | |
| Visible hepatic artery penetration | 12 (35.29) | 6 (8.11) | 0.000 |
| Absent | 22 (64.71) | 68 (91.89) | |
| Visible portal vein penetration | 15 (44.12) | 29 (39.19) | 0.628 |
| Absent | 19 (55.88) | 45 (60.81) | |
| Visible hepatic vein penetration | 17 (50) | 25 (33.78) | 0.108 |
| Absent | 17 (50) | 49 (66.22) | |
| Peripheral hepatic enhancement | 18 (52.94) | 43 (58.11) | 0.615 |
| Absent | 16 (47.06) | 31 (41.89) | |
| Maximum diameter (cm)a | 6.38 ± 3.06 | 4.45 ± 2.13 | 0.0003 |
| Maximum diameter ≤ 5 cmb | 13 (38.24) | 48 (64.86) | 0.010 |
| Maximum diameter > 5 cm | 21 (61.76) | 26 (35.14) | |
| Maximum enhancement edge-thickness in arterial phase (mm)b | 3.95 (2.5, 14.3) | 8.9 (3.8, 17.1) | 0.0538 |
| Arterial enhanced edge integrity | 16 (47.06) | 47 (63.51) | 0.107 |
| Arterial enhanced edge is incomplete | 18 (52.94) | 27 (36.49) | |
| Arterial edge enhancement ratio (%)b | 9.47 (4.26, 27.22) | 21.48 (11.46, 42.19) | 0.0002 |
| Delayed phase enhancement ratio | 1.000 | ||
| 0 ≤ R < 1/4 | 5 (14.71) | 10 (13.51) | |
| 1/4 ≤ R < 2/4 | 1 (2.94) | 2 (2.70) | |
| 2/4 ≤ R < 3/4 | 5 (14.71) | 10 (13.51) | |
| 3/4 ≤ R ≤ 4/4 | 23 (67.65) | 52 (70.27) |